The California Lemon Law does not define “substantial impairment.” Whether a defect “substantially impairs” the use, value, or safety of a vehicle is a question for the jury to decide. Case law provides some guidance as to whether this requirement is met in a given case. One California Court of Appeal has said a jury may consider “the nature of the defects; the cost and length of time required for repair; whether past repair attempts have been successful; the degree to which the goods can be used while repairs are attempted; [inconvenience to buyer]; and the availability and cost of alternative goods pending repair.” (Lundy v. Ford Motor Co.(2001) 87 Cal.App.4th 472, 478, internal quotations omitted, alteration in original.)

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